People generally, think that keeping marine fish is a tricky task. In some cases this could be true, because saltwater fish requires a little more time, work and equipments in comparison to freshwater fish. There are various marine fish species which are easier to handle once you are able to understand the proper method of maintaining the saltwater aquarium, and establishing a stable environment.
The Parameters
Marine fish are extra sensitive to variations in their surroundings. The essential parameters for marine fish tank are pH, salinity, nitrite and temperature. At the time of cycling process, nitrate and ammonia can be a problem. For keeping marine fish anyone should be vigilant towards the pH of the water, and it should not fluctuate greater than 0.2 each day. Majority of the marine life likes pH ranging in-between 8.0 to 8.4. So, it should never drop below 8.0. Other crucial parameters like nitrites, salinity and temperature, should be around 20 ppm, 1.022 and between 75F to 80F respectively.
The Components
The basic components for keeping marine fish are synthetic sea salts, filters, lighting, decorations and test kits. Among the most significant items for saltwater aquarium is the size of the tank, the bigger the better. Bigger tanks provide more stability and room for mistakes to be rectified; anyway, tanks must never be less than 20 gallons. Generally, fish enjoy long, wide tanks; the larger surface area assist in better gas exchange. And always use a good substrate such as crushed coral or marine sand.
Setting Up
The primary step for keeping marine fish is setting up a tank in the appropriate place and position. Ensure that the stand is equal from all direction; you can normally do this with Styrofoam under the tank. Then, install the filtration, inside the tank or outside, according to the form of filter. Add substrate after rinsing it with pure water and then arrange the decorations. Now the tank is ready for adding saltwater, this could be done a few ways either ready mix the synthetic sea salt with reverse osmosis water or from a purifying unit in the tank or containers but it's advisable to place a plate on the substrate before pouring water into it. Then allow the tank become stable for about 2 days and keep testing prior to adding live stock.
Aquarium Filtration
Fish kept in tank are confined to a very small amount of water and so contaminants like scraps of uneaten food or ammonia released from fish's gills, feces raises the toxic level of the water very soon. Keeping marine fish in such type of a condition is damaging for proper development of the fish. Regular change of water can help containing contamination, but maybe impractical because of size and frequency of water changes needed. The best way of tackling this problem is by setting up the best aquarium filtration you can afford - be it under gravel filtration or wet/dry filter.
Choosing the Fish
Keeping marine fish are generally more expensive than freshwater fish, so it's extremely important to get them home alive and maintain their long life. Never purchase a sick fish, always search for a healthy and lively fish in the shop, and check, if any irregular patches, spots or wounds on the body. Torn fins are not a problem, they'll heal up soon, but other signs may kill the fish or even infect other fish of the aquarium. Experienced aquarists suggest that one should always keep a quarantine tank, specially for saltwater fish, experienced aquarists suggest that you should always keep a quarantine tank.
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